Our Fabric Weight Guide

When making a suitable fabric choice for your next project, one of the most important factors to consider is fabric weight. Fabric weight influences the drape, durability, and overall feel of the material, playing a crucial role in the final outcome of your creation. Our fabric weight guide can help you make informed decisions and achieve the desired results.

What Does GSM Stand For in Fabric Weight?

GSM stands for “Gram per Square Metre”. It is a measure of fabric density (weight of the fabric per square metre). By looking at the fabric GSM value, we can see whether the fabric is lightweight or heavyweight.

Fabric weight is the outcome of how a fabric has been woven, its finish and sometimes the fibre type. It’s usually measured in grams per metre (GSM). A lightweight fabric is typically between 30 – 150 GSM, medium weight 150 – 350 GSM and heavyweight 350+ GSM. Fabrics with different fibres or weaves but with the same weight may not have the exact same thickness.

GSM is not always an indicator of durability in all cases, for example, one indicator of high GSM is simply a heavier, thicker towel which would typically be more absorbent. The higher GSM of a towel means it will soak up more water but then it will take longer to dry. It is always advisable to check the Martindale score for durability when using for upholstery.

The weight of the fabric can affect how it drapes, feels and looks. For example, lightweight fabrics are often used for summer clothing because they are breathable and don’t trap heat. Heavier fabrics are often used for winter clothing and furnishings because they provide more warmth.

How Do I Choose What Fabric to Use?

The ideal weight for your project will depend largely on your intended use, and how you plan to use it. The best advise we can give, though, is to collect a range of samples to get a feel for the fabric itself.

Lightweight Fabrics

Generally speaking, lightweight cloth is the most breathable and comfortable fabric available. This makes the lighter-weight fabrics ideal for summer clothing for the warm weather, lingerie, cotton t-shirts, blouses, floaty dresses, and sheer curtains. One of the main characteristics you can expect from a lightweight fabric is a soft handle that feels gentle on the skin.

You shouldn’t expect these fabrics to retain heat very well.

Medium Weight Fabrics

Medium weight fabrics are incredibly versatile, striking the perfect balance between durability and comfort. You’ll find medium-weight fabrics used in everything from dresses and trousers to curtains and upholstery. These fabrics are perfect for everyday use. We normally say to our customers that unless you have a specific need for a lighter or heavier fabric, choosing  fabric in the medium weight band is a safe option.

Heavyweight Fabrics

Heavyweight fabrics are perfect for drapes and outerwear, and can be used reliably in upholstery and soft furnishings. When used for apparel you’ll find that a nice, heavy fabric will provide excellent warmth in the winter months.

Are Heavier Fabrics More Durable?

Not necessarily. The durability of a fabric can depend on many things, including the type of material (e.g. polyester, cotton, viscose, etc…), and specifically the way in which it’s woven. The best measure of a fabric’s durability isn’t its weight, but rather the Martindale abrasion score.

We’ve seen fabrics that seem thin and flimsy score extraordinarily well on the Martindale test, and equally we’ve seen heavy fabrics that look and feel the part perform poorly in laboratory tests.

Fabric Weight and Its Impact on Sewing and Construction

Understanding fabric weight is important, not only for the final appearance and feel of your project but also for the sewing and construction process. Heavier fabrics may require more robust sewing machines and needles, as well as specific techniques to handle their weight and thickness. On the other hand, lighter-weight fabrics may need more delicate handling and stabilisation to prevent shifting and stretching during sewing.

Fabric Care and Maintenance by Weight

Fabric weight can influence how you care for and maintain your fabrics. Heavier fabrics might withstand more rigorous washing and drying processes, while lightweight fabrics might require gentle handling and specific washing conditions to maintain their integrity.

Lightweight Fabrics (30-150 GSM)

Lightweight fabrics, such as chiffon, organza, voile, and cotton poplin, are delicate and require gentle handling.

Washing:

• Use a gentle cycle on your washing machine or hand wash.
• Use cold or lukewarm water to prevent shrinkage and maintain the fabric’s integrity.
• Use mild detergents to avoid harsh chemicals that can damage the fibres.

Drying:

• Air dry whenever possible. If using a dryer, select the low heat or delicate setting.
• Avoid wringing out lightweight fabrics as this can distort their shape.

Medium Weight Fabrics (150-350 GSM)

Medium-weight fabrics, like velvets, sateen, fleece, and suede, strike a balance between durability and comfort.

Washing:

• Most medium-weight fabrics can be machine-washed on a regular or gentle cycle.
• Use warm water and a mild detergent for best results.

Drying:

• Air dry or use a medium heat setting on your dryer.
• Avoid over-drying as this can cause the fabric to become stiff.

Heavyweight Fabrics (350+ GSM)

Heavy-weight GSM fabrics, such as wool, denim, canvas, and leatherettes, are robust and durable but require careful maintenance.

Washing:

• Follow the care label instructions. Some heavyweight fabrics like wool and leather may require dry cleaning.
• Use cold or warm water for washing, and select a regular cycle for fabrics like denim or canvas.

Drying:

• Air dry heavyweight fabrics to maintain their shape and prevent shrinking.
• If using a dryer, choose a low to medium heat setting.

Why Choose Fabric Online For Your Fabric?

We offer a vast range of material online, catering to various needs such as fashion, home decor, quilting, and crafts. Whether you’re looking for cotton, linen, silk, wool, or synthetic blends, you’ll find an extensive assortment of high-quality options and different fabric weights. We pride ourselves on supplying high standards of quality. Every piece of fabric is carefully selected to ensure it meets rigorous quality criteria, providing customers with durable, long-lasting materials. Make your online fabric order today!

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